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(1a)
(i) Nitrogen (N)
(ii) Phosphorus (P)
(iii) Potassium (K)
(1b)
=Nitrogen (N)=
– Promotes leaf growth and development
– Essential for protein synthesis
– Necessary for chlorophyll production
=Phosphorus (P)=
– Important for root development and growth
– Necessary for flower and fruit formation
– Involved in energy transfer and storage
=Potassium (K)=
– Helps regulate water balance and transport
– Essential for stem and root growth
– Involved in photosynthesis and sugar production
(1c)
TABULATE
=SPECIMEN A=
(i) It appears as granules or pellets, often with a uniform size and color.
(ii) It has little to no smell
(iii) It provides a quick and readily available source of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) to plants.
=SPECIMEN B=
(i) Appears as a moist, irregularly shaped mass, usually dark brown or greenish in color.
(ii) It has a strong, pungent odor
(iii) It releases nutrients more slowly as it decomposes, providing a sustained source of organic matter and nutrients over time.
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(2a)
C: Guinea grass – Panicum maximum
D: Elephant grass – Pennisetum purpureum
E: Centrosema – Centrosema pubescens
F: Calopo – Calopogonium mucunoides
(2b)
(i) It is a leguminous crop that fixes nitrogen, enriching the soil for other plants.
(ii) It is a good cover crop, preventing soil erosion and retaining soil moisture.
(iii) It is a nutritious forage crop for livestock, providing high-quality protein and energy.
(iv) It is a perennial crop, requiring less maintenance and re-seeding than annual crops.
(2c)
(i) Harvesting crops (such as maize, sorghum, or grasses) at the optimal stage of maturity.
(ii) Chopping the crop into smaller pieces to increase the surface area.
(iii) Packing the chopped crop into a silo or container, removing as much air as possible.
(iv) Allowing the crop to ferment, which converts the sugars into lactic acid, preserving the silage.
(v) Sealing the silo or container to prevent air from entering and spoiling the silage.
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(3ai)
(i) Meat (beef, pork, etc.)
(ii) Dairy products (milk, butter, cheese, etc.)
(3aii)
(i) Overfeeding or excessive energy intake
(ii) Genetic predisposition or breed characteristics
(iii) Lack of exercise or physical activity
(3b)
(i) Contamination of the meat with bile, affecting flavor and quality
(ii) Infection or spoilage of the surrounding tissue, leading to reduced shelf life
(3c)
-Specimen K (Poultry feed trough): used for feeding poultry
-Specimen M (Poultry drinker): used for providing water to poultry
(3d)
=Specimen K (Poultry feed trough)=
(i) Regular cleaning and disinfection
(ii) Replacement of worn or damaged parts
=Specimen M (Poultry drinker)=
(i) Regular cleaning and disinfection
(ii) Ensuring proper water flow and pressure
(3e)
(i) Wells or boreholes
(ii) Municipal water supply or treated water sources
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(4ai)
Pigs
(4aii)
Humans
(4bi)
(i) Regular deworming of pigs and other susceptible animals
(ii) Proper disposal of animal waste and manure
(iii) Ensuring proper cooking and handling of pork and pork products
(iv) Implementing good hygiene practices in farms and slaughterhouses
(4bii)
(i) Reduced growth rate and weight gain
(ii) Increased risk of secondary infections and diseases
(4c)
(i) Providing insulation and warmth in bedding and clothing
(ii) Used in pillows, mattresses, and other household items
(iii) Used in crafts, decorations, and cultural practices
(iv) Used in scientific research and education
(v) Used in the production of certain products, such as pillows, mattresses, and bedding.
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