NECO GCE 2026 GEOGRAPHY ANSWERS ( OBJ & PRACTICAL)

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GEOGRAPHY OBJ
01-10: BEBADDBDCE
11-20: AADDEABDCB
21-30: ECBCCCBEBC
31-40: AAABDBACDB
41-50: AAAEBDAAEE
51-60: CDCEDBCECC

COMPLETED
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INSTRUCTION: ANSWER QUESTION  ONE(1) & ANY OTHER THREE(3)

(1a)
Old scale = 1:50,000

New scale = 1:150,000

Old length = 31.2cm
Old width = 27.9cm

.:. New length = Old length x Old scale / New Scale

= 31.2 x 50,000 / 150,000

= 1,560,000/150,000

= 10.4cm

.:. New width = 27.9 x 50,000/150,000

= 1,395,000/150,000

= 9.3cm

(1b)

(1ci)
50km

(1cii)
Map distance = 38cm
Initial scale = 1:50,000

Actual distance = Map distance x scale

= 38 x 50,000

1,900,000 cm

Then convert to km

= 1,900,000/100,000

= 19km

(1d)
(i) Lumbering
(ii) Farming
(iii) Fishing

(1e)
Fishing

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(3a)
A plain is an extensive area of flat or gently undulating land with little variation in elevation. It usually has a low and uniform relief and may be formed through the deposition of sediments by rivers, wind, glaciers or the accumulation of materials from other sources.

(3bi)
Mode of Formation;
A dissected plateau is formed when an existing plateau is subjected to prolonged erosion by rivers, streams and other agents of denudation. These agents cut deep valleys and gorges into the plateau, dividing it into separate blocks and ridges.

(3bii)
Characteristics;
(i) It has deep valleys, gorges and ravines formed by river erosion.
(ii) It consists of steep-sided hills, ridges and irregular surfaces.
(iii) It has a rugged and uneven landscape with remnants of the original plateau surface.

(3biii)
Examples;
(i) Jos Plateau in Nigeria.
(ii) Scottish Highlands in Scotland.
(iii) Deccan Plateau in India.

(3c)
(i) They provide suitable land for agricultural activities such as crop cultivation and livestock farming.
(ii) They encourage human settlement because their flat surfaces make construction of houses and towns easier.
(iii) They provide suitable routes for the construction of roads, railways and airports.
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(4a)
Climate change refers to the long-term alteration in the average temperature and weather patterns of the earth over a long period. It may result from natural processes and human activities such as deforestation, burning of fossil fuels and industrial pollution, which increase greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

(4b)
(i) Drought and water scarcity; Climate change causes prolonged periods of reduced rainfall and excessive heat, leading to drought. This reduces the availability of water for drinking, farming and other human activities.
(ii) Flooding; Rising temperatures cause changes in rainfall patterns and contribute to rising sea levels. Heavy rainfall and overflowing rivers can destroy houses, roads, farmlands and other properties.
(iii) Reduced agricultural production; Unfavourable weather conditions, prolonged drought and excessive heat affect crop growth and livestock production. This can lead to food shortages and increased food prices.
(iv) Health problems; Increased temperatures encourage the spread of some diseases, while heat waves can cause dehydration and heat exhaustion. Flooding can also contaminate drinking water and increase the spread of waterborne diseases.
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(5a)
Weathering is the process by which rocks are broken down or decomposed into smaller particles at or near the earth’s surface through physical, chemical and biological processes, without the materials being transported away.

(5b)
(i) Temperature changes; Repeated heating and cooling cause rocks to expand and contract. Over time, this creates cracks and causes the rocks to break into smaller pieces.
(ii) Frost action; Water enters cracks in rocks and freezes when the temperature drops. As the water freezes, it expands and exerts pressure on the rocks, widening the cracks until pieces break off.
(iii) Pressure release; When the overlying rocks are removed through erosion, the pressure on the underlying rocks is reduced. The rocks expand and develop cracks, causing outer layers to peel off in a process called exfoliation.
(iv) Salt crystallisation; Salty water enters cracks and pores in rocks. When the water evaporates, salt crystals form and expand, exerting pressure on the rock until it breaks apart.
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(6a)

(6b)
(i) Hydraulic action; This occurs when running water strikes the surface of rocks or river banks with force, loosening and removing rock materials.
(ii) Abrasion (Corrasion); This occurs when materials such as sand, pebbles and stones carried by running water scrape and wear away the river bed and banks.
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(7a)
Environmental resources are the natural materials and components of the environment that are useful to humans and other living organisms for their survival and development.

(7b)
Renewable resources:
(i) Forests.
(ii) Solar energy.

Non-renewable resources:
(i) Crude oil.
(ii) Coal.

(7c)
(i) Depletion of resources; Excessive extraction and use of non-renewable resources can lead to their exhaustion because they cannot be replaced within a short period. For example, excessive extraction of crude oil and natural gas can reduce available reserves.
(ii) Environmental pollution and degradation; Excessive mining and extraction can destroy natural habitats and pollute the environment. For example, oil spills from petroleum exploration can contaminate rivers, soil and farmlands.

(7d)
(i) Source of food; Vegetal resources provide fruits, vegetables, grains and other food materials needed by humans and animals.
(ii) Source of raw materials; They provide timber, rubber, cotton and other materials used in industries for producing furniture, textiles, paper and other goods.
(iii) Environmental protection; Vegetation absorbs carbon dioxide, releases oxygen, prevents soil erosion and helps maintain environmental balance.
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(8a)
(i) It allows easy storage and retrieval of geographical data.
(ii) It helps in accurate mapping and location of geographical features.
(iii) It makes geographical data analysis and interpretation easier.
(iv) It saves time and reduces the cost of geographical surveys and planning.

(8b)
(i) Weather forecasting; Remote sensing helps meteorologists monitor clouds, rainfall, storms and other atmospheric conditions. This makes it easier to predict weather changes and give early warnings of dangerous weather conditions.
(ii) Agricultural development; Satellite images help farmers and agricultural experts monitor crop growth, identify unhealthy crops, assess soil conditions and detect areas affected by drought or pests. This helps improve agricultural production.
(iii) Environmental monitoring; Remote sensing is used to monitor deforestation, desertification, soil erosion, flooding and pollution. It helps environmental experts identify changes and take appropriate measures to protect the environment.
(iv) Mapping and surveying; Remote sensing provides information used in preparing maps and identifying geographical features such as rivers, mountains, roads and settlements. It makes large-scale geographical surveys easier and faster.
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