NECO 2026 PHYSICS ANSWERS (OBJ & ESSAY)

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PHYSICS OBJ
01-10: BAADEDCCEE
11-20: DEECACCBDC
21-30: BCDBBACDEA
31-40: ACDCAECEAE
41-50: CEECDCADCD
51-60: EEBDBDAAEC

COMPLETED
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PART I: ANSWER QUESTION ONE(1) AND ANY OTHER FIVE(5) QUESTIONS

(1a)
(i) Copper wire
(ii) Soft iron core

(1b)
A flat plate collector has a flat absorbing surface that receives both direct and diffuse solar radiation and does not require tracking the Sun, while a focusing collector uses mirrors or lenses to concentrate direct sunlight onto a small receiver, usually requires tracking the Sun, and produces much higher temperatures.

(1c)
Magnifying power of microscope = Magnification of objective × Magnification of eyepiece

20 = 4 × Mₑ
Mₑ = 20/4 = 5
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(2a)
(i) Speed
(ii) Velocity

(2b)
Speed is the distance travelled per unit time and is a scalar quantity with magnitude only, while velocity is the displacement per unit time and is a vector quantity with both magnitude and direction.
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(3)

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(4a)

(4b)
The collision is a perfectly inelastic collision, because after the collision both bodies move together with the same velocity in the same direction.
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(5a)
(i) Pulley
(ii) Inclined plane

(5b)
Potential energy is the energy possessed by a body due to its position or configuration, while kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a body due to its motion.
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(6a)
(i) Ultraviolet rays
(ii) X-rays

(6b)
Mechanical waves require a material medium for propagation, while electromagnetic waves do not require a material medium and can travel through a vacuum.
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(7)

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(8a)
The statement means that a satellite (or any object) must be projected from the surface of the Earth with a minimum velocity of 11 km s⁻¹ in order to overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull and escape into space without returning to the Earth.

(8b)
A lead-acid accumulator is rechargeable and can be used repeatedly, while a wet Leclanché cell is a primary cell and cannot be recharged.
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(9)
Given: G = 5 Ω, Ig = 20 mA = 0.02 A, I = 10 A

Ig × G = (I − Ig) × S
0.02 × 5 = (10 − 0.02) × S
0.1 = 9.98 × S
S = 0.1/9.98
S = 0.01 Ω
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(10a)

(10b)
(i) Heating the water (increasing its temperature).
(ii) Adding a surfactant such as soap, detergent, or alcohol to the water.
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(11a)
(i) Photosensitive cathode (photoemissive surface)
(ii) Anode (collector plate)

(11b)

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PART II: ANSWER FOUR(4) QUESTIONS FROM THIS PART

(12a)
The principle of floatation states that a floating body displaces a weight of fluid equal to its own weight.

(12b)
A cone resting on its base is in stable equilibrium because when slightly displaced, it tends to return to its original position, while a cone resting on its apex is in unstable equilibrium because when slightly displaced, it tends to move farther away from its original position.

(12c) & (12d)

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(13a)
A claw hammer is termed a first-class lever because its fulcrum lies between the effort and the load when it is used to remove a nail.

(13bi)
A clinical thermometer is not sterilized in boiling water because its temperature range is only about 35°C to 42°C. Boiling water at 100°C may cause the mercury to expand beyond the scale and burst or damage the thermometer.

(13bii)

(13c)

(13d)
Heat lost by copper ball = 0.05 × 400 × (120−30) = 1800J

Heat gained by calorimeter + water = (0.08×400 + 0.1×4200)(30−T) = 452(30−T)
1800 = 452(30−T)
30−T = 3.98
T = 26°C
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(14)

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