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INSTRUCTION: ANSWER FOUR(4) QUESTIONS IN ALL AT LEAST ONE(1) QUESTION FROM EACH SECTION
SECTION A
(1a)
Joshua played a crucial and exemplary role in the story of the twelve spies. He was chosen as one of the twelve men sent by Moses to explore the land of Canaan, representing the tribe of Ephraim. His name was originally Hoshea, but Moses renamed him Joshua, meaning “The Lord saves.”
After forty days of exploring the land, ten of the spies brought back a negative report that discouraged the people of Israel. They focused on the strength of the inhabitants and the fortified cities. Joshua, however, along with Caleb, gave a faithful and optimistic report. He believed that with God’s help, the Israelites could conquer the land despite the challenges.
Joshua displayed strong faith and confidence in God’s promises. He did not allow fear or pressure from the majority to influence his stance. Instead, he encouraged the people not to rebel and assured them that victory was certain if they trusted in God.
When the people began to grumble and considered returning to Egypt, Joshua tore his clothes as a sign of grief and tried to persuade them to remain faithful to God. Because of his unwavering loyalty and faith, Joshua was spared from the punishment that fell on the rest of the spies and the unbelieving generation.
Later on, Joshua was rewarded for his faithfulness by being chosen to succeed Moses and lead the Israelites into the Promised Land.
(1b)
(i) Church leaders should have the boldness to present the truth fearlessly, even when it is unpopular or goes against the views of the majority, as Joshua did.
(ii) Leaders must trust in God’s promises and power rather than focus on obstacles or human limitations.
(iii) Church leaders should model integrity, encouragement, and steadfastness in following God’s direction, inspiring others to do the same.
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(2a)
Ahab was the king of Israel who ruled with a weak moral character and poor spiritual leadership. He was easily influenced, especially by his wife Jezebel. Though he had the authority as king, he lacked the courage to make just decisions independently. His desire to possess Naboth’s vineyard, even when told it was not for sale, showed his selfishness and greed. Instead of respecting Naboth’s rights, Ahab became moody and allowed his emotions to cloud his judgment.
Jezebel, Ahab’s wife, was a domineering and manipulative woman. She used her influence over the king to carry out evil plans. Her character was marked by cruelty, deception, and disrespect for God’s laws. She plotted Naboth’s death by falsely accusing him of blasphemy and had him stoned, just so Ahab could take possession of his vineyard. Jezebel also promoted idol worship and persecuted the prophets of God, showing her open defiance of righteousness.
Together, Ahab and Jezebel were a corrupt and ungodly pair whose actions led Israel deeper into sin. Their story reveals the danger of unchecked greed, poor leadership, and the misuse of power.
(2b)
(i) Teaching moral and religious values in schools and homes.
(ii) Strengthening laws and enforcing strict punishment against corruption and embezzlement.
(iii) Promoting contentment and integrity through national orientation and public enlightenment campaigns.
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(3a)
This statement was made by the prophet Amos during his prophetic ministry to the people of Israel, particularly the Northern Kingdom, during a time of great social injustice and religious hypocrisy.
During this period, Israel was experiencing economic prosperity, but the wealth was in the hands of a few while the poor were oppressed and neglected. The rich exploited the poor through dishonest trade, bribery, and denial of justice in the courts. There was a wide gap between the rich and the poor and the leaders failed to uphold fairness and equity.
In addition to the social corruption, the people continued to engage in religious rituals, feasts, and sacrifices, believing that such acts pleased God. However, their worship was hypocritical because it was not backed by righteous living or concern for the poor and needy.
Amos, under God’s inspiration, condemned this false religion and declared that God was not interested in their offerings and ceremonies. Instead, God desired justice and righteousness in their dealings with one another. It was in this context that Amos proclaimed, “Let justice roll down like waters and righteousness like an overflowing stream” calling for genuine moral and social reform rather than empty religious practices.
(3b)
(i) People should be treated fairly regardless of their ethnic group, religion, or social class. This promotes unity and justice in society.
(ii) Religious and community leaders should boldly condemn acts of oppression, bribery, and discrimination, promoting fairness in public life.
(iii) Practicing true religion involves caring for the poor, helping the needy, and standing up for the vulnerable in both words and actions.
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SECTION B
(4a)
Jesus was standing by the Lake of Gennesaret (Sea of Galilee), where people had gathered around Him, listening to His teaching. He saw two boats at the water’s edge, left there by fishermen who were washing their nets after a night of unsuccessful fishing. Jesus got into one of the boats, which belonged to Simon Peter, and asked him to push out a little from the shore so He could teach the crowd from the boat.
After Jesus finished speaking, He told Simon to put out into deep water and let down the nets for a catch. Simon, although exhausted after fishing all night without success, obeyed Jesus’ command. This resulted in an overwhelming catch of fish, so large that their nets began to break and they had to signal their partners in the other boat to come and help. Both boats filled with so many fish that they began to sink.
Simon Peter was astonished at the miracle, and he fell at Jesus’ knees, declaring himself a sinful man and feeling unworthy in the presence of Jesus. James and John, the sons of Zebedee and Simon’s partners in fishing, were also amazed. Jesus then reassured Simon Peter not to be afraid and said that from now on, he would be “catching people” instead of fish, meaning he would help bring others to God.
In response, Simon Peter, along with James and John, immediately left their boats, their nets, and their father Zebedee to follow Jesus and become His disciples. This calling shows their readiness to leave behind their old lives and professions to embrace a new mission under Jesus’ leadership.
(4b)
(i) To spread the gospel message: Jesus needed dedicated followers to proclaim the good news of salvation to all people, starting in Israel and extending to the rest of the world.
(ii) To train them as future leaders: He selected the disciples to learn from Him directly so they could continue His work after His death, resurrection, and ascension.
(iii) To serve as witnesses of His life and teachings: The disciples were eyewitnesses to His miracles, teachings, crucifixion, and resurrection, giving credibility to the gospel.
(iv) To assist Him in His earthly ministry: They helped Jesus in practical matters like organizing the crowd, healing the sick, and baptizing new believers.
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(5a)
After the Last Supper, Jesus went with His disciples to the Garden of Gethsemane, located at the foot of the Mount of Olives. He took Peter, James, and John along with Him and asked them to keep watch and pray, while He went a little farther to pray alone.
Jesus became deeply sorrowful and distressed. He fell to the ground and prayed to God the Father, saying, “Father, if You are willing, take this cup away from Me; nevertheless, not My will, but Yours be done.” This showed His human desire to avoid suffering, yet He submitted fully to God’s will.
In His agony, Jesus prayed more earnestly, and His sweat was like great drops of blood falling to the ground. An angel from heaven appeared to Him and strengthened Him. When He returned to His disciples, He found them sleeping due to sorrow. He rebuked them for not watching and praying with Him, warning them that the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.
Soon after, a crowd led by Judas Iscariot, one of His disciples, came to arrest Him. Judas betrayed Jesus with a kiss. Jesus, knowing all that would happen to Him, surrendered Himself peacefully. One of His followers struck the servant of the high priest and cut off his ear, but Jesus healed him and forbade further violence. He was then arrested and taken away by the soldiers.
(5b)
(i) It shows Jesus’ humanity: His sorrow and distress reveal that He experienced real human emotions like fear, pain, and anguish.
(ii) It demonstrates total obedience to God: Jesus submitted to God’s will, even though He knew it meant suffering and death.
(iii) It reveals the weakness of human nature: The disciples could not stay awake to support Him in prayer, showing how easily humans can fail without spiritual strength.
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(6a)
Paul and Barnabas arrived at Iconium during their first missionary journey and went to the Jewish synagogue, where they preached about Jesus Christ. Their message was powerful and convincing, leading to the conversion of many Jews and Gentiles. However, some of the unbelieving Jews stirred up the minds of the Gentiles and caused division and hostility against the apostles.
Despite the growing opposition, Paul and Barnabas remained in Iconium for a considerable time. They continued to speak boldly for the Lord, who confirmed their message by enabling them to perform signs and wonders. The city became divided, some supported the apostles while others sided with the opposing Jews. When a plot to stone them was discovered, Paul and Barnabas fled the city and travelled to Lystra and Derbe in the region of Lycaonia.
In Lystra, they encountered a man who had been lame from birth and had never walked. Paul, seeing that the man had faith to be healed, called out for him to stand. The man immediately jumped up and began to walk, and the crowd, amazed by the miracle, believed that Paul and Barnabas were gods. They identified Barnabas as Zeus and Paul as Hermes, because Paul was the chief speaker.
The local priest of Zeus brought bulls and garlands to offer sacrifices to them. Paul and Barnabas were horrified by this and rushed into the crowd, tearing their clothes as a sign of protest. They told the people they were mere humans and urged them to turn from useless idols to the living God, the Creator of heaven and earth.
Soon after, Jews from Antioch and Iconium arrived and incited the crowd against Paul. He was stoned, dragged out of the city, and left for dead. However, when the disciples gathered around him, he rose up and went back into the city. The next day, he and Barnabas continued their journey to Derbe, where they preached the gospel and made more disciples.
(6b)
(i) It demonstrated the power of the gospel: Many people, both Jews and Gentiles, believed in Christ through Paul’s preaching and miracles.
(ii) It showed the danger of idolatry: The reaction of the people in Lystra revealed how easily people could mistake God’s messengers for gods, highlighting the need for proper teaching.
(iii) It proved Paul’s courage and faith: Despite persecution, including being stoned and left for dead, Paul continued preaching the gospel without fear.
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SECTION C
(7a)
John the Baptist had been preaching in the wilderness, calling people to repentance and baptizing them in the River Jordan as a sign of cleansing from sin. His message was focused on preparing the way for the coming Messiah, who, he said, was far greater than him and would baptize with the Holy Spirit and fire.
One day, as John was baptizing and teaching, Jesus came toward him. When John saw Him, he declared, “Behold, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world.” This statement identified Jesus as the sacrificial Lamb sent by God to deal with humanity’s sin, similar to the lambs offered in the Old Testament for atonement.
John explained that although he had not previously known Jesus in His divine role, God had revealed to him that the one on whom he saw the Spirit descending and remaining was the chosen one. During Jesus’ baptism, John witnessed the Holy Spirit descending like a dove and resting upon Him, confirming His identity.
John testified that Jesus was the Son of God and the promised Savior. His use of the phrase “Lamb of God” was deeply symbolic, connecting Jesus with the Passover lamb whose blood was a sign of deliverance, and with the sacrificial lambs used in temple rituals to atone for sin.
(7b)
(i) He is the final sacrifice for sin: Jesus’ death on the cross fulfilled the Old Testament system of animal sacrifices, offering permanent forgiveness for sin.
(ii) He brings salvation to the world: As the Lamb of God, Jesus came to take away the sin of all people, not just Israel, making salvation available to everyone.
(iii) He demonstrates God’s love and mercy: Jesus willingly gave His life, showing God’s deep love and the value He places on human redemption.
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(8a)
In his letter to the Galatians, Apostle Paul explained that becoming a child of God does not come through keeping the Law or by natural birth, but through faith in Jesus Christ.
Paul taught that those who believe in Jesus are made children of God through faith. This faith grants them direct access to God’s promises and inheritance. He also emphasized that those who are baptized into Christ have put on Christ, signifying spiritual union with Him.
Paul described believers as having been adopted into God’s family. Though not born as children of God by nature, through Christ they receive full rights as sons and daughters. This adoption frees them from being slaves under the Law and makes them heirs of God’s promise.
Furthermore, Paul explained that God sends the Spirit of His Son into the hearts of believers, enabling them to call God “Abba, Father.” This intimate relationship confirms their identity as true children of God.
He concluded by stating that in Christ there is no distinction between Jew or Greek, slave or free, male or female as all believers are equal and united in Christ, and thereby rightful children of God and heirs according to the promise.
(8b)
(i) Living by the Spirit: A true child of God lives a life led by the Holy Spirit, showing love, patience, kindness, and other godly virtues.
(ii) Obedience to God’s Word: Obeying God’s commandments and following the teachings of Christ is a mark of genuine sonship.
(iii) Loving others selflessly: Demonstrating love, forgiveness, and compassion toward others reflects the character of God and confirms one’s identity as His child.
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(9a)
In his first epistle, Apostle Peter gave clear instructions to Christians on how to live as good citizens in society. He urged them to submit to human authorities for the sake of the Lord, whether to the emperor as supreme or to governors appointed by him. Peter taught that civil authorities are meant to punish wrongdoers and praise those who do right, so Christians should obey laws and respect the governing system.
He emphasized that Christians should use their freedom responsibly, not as a cover for wrongdoing, but as servants of God. They were to live honorably among non-believers, doing good so that even if they were accused falsely, their conduct would silence the critics.
Peter also instructed believers to honour all people, love the brotherhood of believers, fear God, and honour the king. This meant showing respect to everyone, loving fellow Christians, reverencing God above all, and respecting political leaders.
By obeying authorities, doing good, and living peacefully, Christians would reflect the character of Christ and help maintain order in society, even in the face of persecution.
(9b)
(i) Obeying laws and government authorities: Christians should follow lawful instructions, pay taxes, and respect national symbols and institutions.
(ii) Promoting peace and unity: They should avoid violence, be peacemakers, and contribute to the progress of their communities.
(iii) Participating in civic duties: Christians can act as good citizens by voting, paying taxes, keeping their environment clean, and serving the nation with integrity.
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