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FURNITURE MAKING OBJ (TYPE A)
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FURNITURE MAKING ANSWERS (TYPE A)
ANSWER THREE(3) QUESTIONS ONLY
(1a)
Collar: A collar is a strip or band of material, often fabric, leather, or strong cloth, used in furniture making and upholstery to reinforce joints, edges, or seams. It helps strengthen areas that undergo stress and provides a neat, finished look. Collars also prevent fraying of edges and can be used decoratively to highlight seams. In some designs, collars contribute to the overall durability of cushions and upholstered furniture.
(1b)
Fly: A fly is an extra flap or extension of fabric used in upholstery. It allows cushions, covers, or slipcovers to fit comfortably without pulling, and makes it easier to remove or adjust the fabric. Flies also help accommodate fabric shrinkage over time and provide space for padding or filling. They ensure that the upholstery maintains a smooth and even surface without tension marks.
(1c)
Pattern repeat: Pattern repeat refers to the distance before a fabric’s design or motif repeats itself. It is important for aligning designs across cushions, curtains, or upholstered surfaces to achieve a uniform and aesthetically pleasing appearance. Correct use of pattern repeat prevents mismatched designs, which can ruin the visual appeal of furniture. It also guides fabric cutting, minimizing waste and ensuring symmetry in decorative elements.
(1d)
Piping foot: A piping foot is a sewing machine attachment designed to sew piping (corded trim) into seams neatly. It ensures the fabric and cord are guided accurately for smooth, professional-looking edges on cushions, pillows, and upholstered furniture. Using a piping foot reduces fabric puckering and allows precise stitching around curves and corners. It is essential for creating decorative borders and reinforcing seams in upholstery work.
(1e)
Laid cord: Laid cord is a decorative cord made by twisting or laying threads together. It is used in upholstery as piping or edging to highlight seams, provide structure, and enhance the decorative appeal of furniture pieces. Laid cord also helps conceal raw edges of fabric and reinforces high-stress areas on cushions and armrests. It is available in various thicknesses and colors to match or contrast with upholstery fabrics for aesthetic effect.
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(3a)
(i) Water-based adhesives: Easy to use, low odor, and cleanable with water. Suitable for bonding fabric, vinyl, or foam to wood or metal. Less durable for long-term heavy use.
(ii) Solvent-based adhesives: Provide strong, durable bonds, ideal for leather or vinyl to wood or metal frames. Strong odor and require proper ventilation.
(iii) Spray adhesives: Aerosol-based for quick, even coverage on large surfaces. Available in water-based or solvent-based types. Effective for foam and fabric to wood.
(iv) Foam adhesives: Specifically formulated to bond foam to surfaces. Flexible and strong, accommodating compression and movement in upholstered furniture.
(3b)
(i) Screws provide a stronger and more secure fastening because of their threaded design, which grips the material tightly and resists pulling out better than nails.
(ii) Screws can be removed and reused without damaging the wood, making them more suitable for furniture that may need repairs or adjustments over time.
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(4a)
Veneer is a thin sheet of wood, often very thin, that is glued onto the surface of a less expensive or less attractive material (such as plywood or particle board) to give the appearance of solid wood. It allows furniture makers to achieve the look of high-quality solid wood while using less costly materials underneath. Veneers can be made from various wood species and cut in different ways to produce diverse grain patterns and aesthetic effects. This thin layer can also be flexible to cover curved surfaces and is often used to enhance furniture, doors, and cabinetry.
(4b)
(i) Manufactured boards are more stable and less likely to warp, shrink, or swell compared to solid wood, as they are engineered from wood particles or layers bonded together with adhesives.
(ii) They are more cost-effective since they utilize wood waste and lower-quality wood, making them cheaper than solid wood.
(iii) Manufactured boards come in consistent sizes and thicknesses, providing uniformity and ease of use in furniture making.
(iv) They offer greater versatility and can be covered with veneers, laminates, or other finishes to mimic solid wood or create unique appearances.
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