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CIVIC EDUCATION OBJ (TYPE A)
01-10: DBBADDCCBA
11-20: CACCDBBDCC
21-30: DAABDCDACB
31-40: CACACDABCC
41-50: BDACCAAACB
COMPLETED
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INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER FOUR QUESTIONS ONLY, AT LEAST ONE QUESTION FROM EACH PART.
PART I
(1a)
(i) Peer Pressure: Many students join cults because their friends or classmates convince them that it is the only way to belong or fit in socially.
(ii) Search for Protection: Some students believe cult groups will protect them from bullying, intimidation, or other rival groups on campus.
(iii) Desire for Power and Influence: Cult groups often promise authority, respect, and control, making students join to feel powerful or feared.
(1b)
(i) Anti-Cultism Laws: The government establishes strict laws that criminalize cult membership, cult activities, and the possession of dangerous weapons related to cult operations.
(ii) School Regulations and Sanctions: The Government mandates all educational institutions to enforce anti-cult policies, including suspension, expulsion, and reporting cult-related activities to authorities.
(iii) Public Awareness and Reorientation Programs: Government agencies run campaigns in schools and communities to educate young people on the dangers of cultism and promote moral values and peaceful coexistence.
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(2a)
(i) Respect for rules and regulations
(ii) Low crime rate
(iii) Effective law enforcement
(iv) Peaceful coexistence among citizens
(v) Protection of lives and property
(2b)
(i) Respect for rules and regulations: Citizens obey laws, follow public guidelines, and conduct themselves in ways that support the smooth running of society.
(ii) Low crime rate: Criminal activities such as theft, violence, and fraud are minimal because laws are enforced and respected.
(iii) Effective law enforcement: Police and other security agencies perform their duties professionally, respond quickly to issues, and ensure justice is upheld.
(iv) Peaceful coexistence among citizens: People live together harmoniously, settle disputes peacefully, and tolerate one another regardless of differences.
(v) Protection of lives and property: The government ensures the safety of individuals and their belongings, reducing fear and promoting stability in society.
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PART II
(3)
(i) Better Representation of Citizens’ Needs: When citizens actively participate in voting, public debates, and community meetings, leaders elected are more likely to reflect the real needs, interests, and priorities of the people.
(ii) Accountability of Public Officials: Active participation encourages citizens to monitor government activities, question wrong actions, and demand transparency, which reduces corruption and misuse of public funds.
(iii) Improved Quality of Governance: When people contribute ideas, criticize policies constructively, and take part in political discussions, government policies become more effective, inclusive, and better planned.
(iv) Strengthening of Democracy: Participation helps build a strong democratic culture where citizens understand their rights and responsibilities, leading to stable political institutions and peaceful transitions of power.
(v) Promotion of National Development: As citizens engage in politics, they support policies that improve education, healthcare, infrastructure, and economic growth, helping the entire nation progress socially and economically.
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(4a)
Democracy is a system of government in which the people have the power to make decisions, either directly or through elected representatives, and leaders are accountable to the citizens.
(4b)
(i) Direct Democracy: In direct democracy, citizens participate directly in decision-making, such as voting on laws, policies, or community matters, without intermediaries. It is commonly practiced in small communities or local councils.
(ii) Representative Democracy: In representative democracy, citizens elect leaders or representatives who make decisions and create laws on their behalf. This system is more practical for large populations and is used in most modern nations, including Nigeria.
(4c)
(i) Promoting Education: Providing free or affordable quality education equips citizens with skills and knowledge to secure better jobs and improve their income.
(ii) Creating Employment Opportunities: Government and private sector initiatives to generate jobs, reduce unemployment, and provide a steady income for families.
(iii) Encouraging Small-Scale Businesses: Supporting entrepreneurship through loans, grants, and training enables citizens to start businesses and improve their livelihoods.
(iv) Providing Social Welfare Programs: Government assistance, such as subsidies, healthcare support, and housing programs, helps poor citizens meet basic needs.
(v) Improving Infrastructure: Developing roads, electricity, water supply, and communication networks enhances economic activities and access to markets, boosting citizens’ income and living standards.
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PART III
(5a)
WOTCLEF stands for Women Trafficking and Child Labour Eradication Foundation.
(5b)
(i) Loss of freedom and personal rights
(ii) Exposure to physical and sexual abuse
(iii) Psychological trauma and emotional distress
(iv) Health risks including diseases and malnutrition
(v) Disruption of family and social relationships
(5c)
(i) Public Awareness Campaigns: WOTCLEF organizes seminars, workshops, and media campaigns to educate the public about the dangers of human trafficking and how to prevent it.
(ii) Rescue and Rehabilitation of Victims: The foundation rescues trafficked persons and provides them with shelter, medical care, counseling, and skills training to reintegrate into society.
(iii) Advocacy and Policy Influence: WOTCLEF works with government agencies to strengthen anti-trafficking laws, improve law enforcement, and ensure traffickers are prosecuted effectively.
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(6a)
Public Service refers to the sector of government and organizations that provide essential services and goods to the citizens, aimed at promoting the welfare and development of society.
(6b)
(i) Corruption: Some public servants misuse funds, demand bribes, or engage in unethical practices, reducing the effectiveness of service delivery.
(ii) Inadequate Training and Skills: Many employees lack the necessary skills, knowledge, or professional development, leading to inefficiency and poor performance.
(iii) Poor Motivation and Low Remuneration: Insufficient salaries, benefits, and incentives reduce staff morale, resulting in low productivity and negligence of duties.
(6c)
(i) Regular Training and Capacity Building: Organizing workshops, seminars, and training programs ensures that public servants are skilled, updated, and efficient in their roles.
(ii) Strict Anti-Corruption Measures: Enforcing anti-corruption laws and monitoring public officers promotes transparency, accountability, and integrity in service delivery.
(iii) Adequate Remuneration and Incentives: Providing fair salaries, benefits, and recognition motivates employees to perform better and remain committed to their duties.
(iv) Use of Technology and Modern Management Practices: Introducing digital systems, e-governance, and effective management methods improves efficiency, reduces bureaucracy, and ensures faster service delivery.
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