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(1a)
Specimen A: NPK Fertilizer
Specimen B: Ammonium sulphate fertilize (NH₄)₂SO₄
Specimen C: Lime/quick lime/soda lime/calcium hydroxide/calcium oxide
(1b)
Specimen A (NPK Fertilizer): Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K)
Specimen B (Ammonium sulphate): Nitrogen (N) and Sulphur (S)
Specimen C (Lime): Calcium (Ca)
(1c)
(i) Urea
(ii) Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN)
(1d)
Repeated use of ammonium sulphate lowers soil pH, making the soil more acidic and potentially unsuitable for many crops.
(1e)
(i) Broadcasting
(ii) Side placement
(iii) Top dressing
(iv) Foliar application
(v) Ring method
(1f)
Ammonium sulphate (NH₄)₂SO₄
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(2a)
Specimen D: Measuring tape
Specimen E: Budding knife
Specimen F: Plier
Specimen G: Measuring chain/Gunter’s chain
Specimen H: Spanner
Specimen I: Screwdriver
(2b)
-Specimen E (Budding knife):
Used for making clean cuts on plant stems during budding and grafting operations.
-Specimen F (Plier):
Used for gripping, twisting, bending, or cutting wires and other materials during repairs or construction.
-Specimen G (Measuring chain):
Used for measuring long distances on the farm, especially during land survey or layout.
-Specimen H (Spanner):
Used for loosening or tightening bolts and nuts.
-Specimen I (Screwdriver):
Used for driving screws into or out of materials such as wood or metal.
(2c)
-Specimen D (Measuring tape):
Keep dry and store properly to prevent rusting and tape damage.
-Specimen E (Budding knife):
Clean after use and oil the blade regularly to prevent rusting.
-Specimen F (Plier):
Clean after use and oil the joints to ensure smooth operation and prevent rust.
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(3a)
Specimen J: Leaf eating beetle / Lady beetle / Leaf beetle
Specimen K: Aphid
Specimen L: Calloso bruchus / Bean weevil / Weevil
Specimen M: Termite
(3b)
Specimen K (Aphid):
(i) Sucking sap from plant tissues causing wilting and stunted growth.
(ii) Transmitting viral diseases to crops.
(iii) Excreting honeydew which encourages sooty mold growth, reducing photosynthesis.
(iv) Causes leaf curling and distortion.
Specimen L (Bean weevil):
(i) Boring into seeds causing direct damage and reducing seed viability.
(ii) Contaminating stored grains with frass (insect waste).
(iii) Reducing germination rates of infested seeds.
(iv) Causing weight loss and quality deterioration of stored pulses.
(3c)
(i) Biological control: Use of natural predators or parasites to reduce beetle populations.
(ii) Chemical control: Application of appropriate insecticides targeting beetles.
(iii) Cultural control: Crop rotation and destruction of crop residues to reduce breeding sites.
(iv) Mechanical control: Hand picking and destruction of beetles and larvae from plants.
(3d)
(i) Decomposition: Termites break down dead plant material, recycling nutrients into the soil, improving soil fertility.
(ii) Soil aeration: Their tunneling activities enhance soil aeration and water infiltration, benefiting crop growth.
(iii) Damage: Termites cause significant economic losses by attacking wooden structures, crops, and farm equipment.
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(4a)
Specimen N: Skin of poultry
Specimen O: Skin of ruminant
Specimen P: Kidney
Specimen Q: Horn (not hoof)
(4b)
Specimen N (Skin of poultry): Aves
Specimen O (Skin of ruminant): Mammals
(4c)
-Specimen N (Skin of poultry): Protection of internal organs and body from external injury and infection.
-Specimen O (Skin of ruminant): Regulates body temperature and provides protection
-Specimen P (Kidney): Removes waste products from the blood and maintains water balance (excretion)
(4di)
(i) Used in leather production (e.g., for shoes, bags, belts)
(ii) Used in making musical instruments (e.g., drums)
(4dii)
Tick
(4e)
Polled condition
(4f)
Importance to farm Animals:
(i) Used for defense against predators or rivals.
(ii) Used to establish dominance or hierarchy in the herd.
Importance to man:
(i) Used to make buttons, combs, ornaments, and crafts
(ii) Used in traditional medicine or as musical instruments in some cultures
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