NABTEB 2026 BASIC ELECTRICITY ANSWERS (OBJ & ESSAY – TYPE C)

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BASIC ELECTRICITY OBJ (TYPE C)
01-10: BABBCAAABB
11-20: ABBACCCBAB
21-30: CCBCBABBDA
31-40: CCBACCCCCD

COMPLETED
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INSTRUCTION: ANSWER FIVE(5) QUESTIONS ONLY

(1a)
A transformer is an electrical device used to transfer alternating current (AC) electrical energy from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction, usually with a change in voltage (either step-up or step-down) but at the same frequency.

(1b)
Given:
Reference turns, N₅₀ = 500 turns
Reference voltage, V₂₄₀ = 240V

Voltage per turn = V₂₄₀/N₅₀ = 240/500 = 0.48V/turn

Formula: V = Voltage per turn × N

(i)
800 turns:
V₈₀ = 0.48 × 800 = 384V

(ii)
200 turns:
V₂₀ = 0.48 × 200 = 96V

(iii)
600 turns:
V₆₀ = 0.48 × 600 = 288V

(iv)
300 turns:
V₃₀ = 0.48 × 300 = 144V
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(3ai)
Work is said to be done when a force causes a body to move through a distance in the direction of the force applied. It is the product of force and displacement.

(3aii)
Energy is the capacity or ability of a body or system to do work.

(3b)
(i) Constant current charging method
(ii) Constant voltage charging method
(iii) Trickle charging method
(iv) Fast charging method

(3c)
[TABULATE]

=PRIMARY CELL=
(i) It cannot be recharged after it becomes exhausted.
(ii) Chemical reaction is irreversible.
(iii) It is usually discarded after use.
(iv) Examples include dry cells and alkaline cells.

=SECONDARY CELL=
(i) It can be recharged and used again after discharge.
(ii) Chemical reaction is reversible.
(iii) It is reusable for many charge and discharge cycles.
(iv) Examples include lead-acid accumulator and lithium-ion battery.
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(4a)
Resistors are colour coded because they are often too small to have their resistance values, tolerance, and wattage printed numerically on them. The colour bands provide a quick, standardized, and readable way to identify these specifications without requiring large surface area.

(4bi)
Brown = 1
Black = 0
Orange = × 10³
Silver = ±10%

R = 10 × 10³ = 10,000Ω = 10kΩ
Nominal value = 10kΩ ±10%

(4bii)
Blue = 6
Red = 2
Black = × 10⁰
Gold = ±5%

R = 62 × 10⁰ = 62Ω
Nominal value = 62Ω ±5%

(4biii)
Red = 2
Yellow = 4
Red = × 10²
Silver = ±10%

R = 24 × 10² = 2,400Ω = 2.4kΩ
Nominal value = 2.4kΩ ±10%

(4biv)
Yellow = 4
Red = 2
Orange = × 10³
Gold = ±5%

R = 42 × 10³ = 42,000Ω = 42kΩ
Nominal value = 42kΩ ±5%

(4bv)
Orange = 3
Red = 2
Black = × 10⁰
Brown = ±1%

R = 32 × 10⁰ = 32Ω
Nominal value = 32Ω ±1%
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(6a)
A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field and has the property of attracting magnetic materials such as iron, steel, nickel, and cobalt. It can also attract or repel other magnets. A magnet has two poles, North (N) and South (S), where its magnetic effect is strongest.

(6b)
(i) They originate from the north pole and terminate at the south pole outside the magnet.
(ii) They are continuous closed loops, continuing inside the magnet from south to north.
(iii) They never intersect each other.
(iv) They tend to contract longitudinally and expand laterally.
(v) They follow the path of least reluctance.

(6c)
The deciding factor is the test for repulsion. If one pole of a magnet is brought near a pole of the other piece and there is repulsion, then the second piece is also a magnet. This is because only like poles of two magnets can repel each other. However, if there is only attraction, it is not a reliable test, because a magnet will attract both a magnet (opposite pole) and an unmagnetized magnetic material by induction. Therefore, repulsion is the only sure test for confirming magnetism.
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(7a)
(i) It has a pointer that moves over a calibrated scale
(ii) It has a uniform (linear) scale for direct reading
(iii) It gives readings by deflection of a pointer proportional to the quantity measured

(7b)

(7c)
(i) It has a uniform scale, making readings easy and accurate
(ii) It has high sensitivity, detecting small currents
(iii) It has low power consumption

(7d)
The scale is evenly calibrated because the deflecting torque is directly proportional to the current passing through the coil, so equal increases in current produce equal deflections of the pointer.
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