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AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE PRACTICAL ANSWERS
(1a)
(i) Plant crops of different nutrient requirements in succession.
(ii) Alternate crops with different rooting depths.
(iii) Include legumes in the rotation to improve soil fertility.
(1b)
Sorting
(1c)
It is close to the living quarters, which may cause disturbances or reduce privacy.
(1d)
(i) Provides easy access to water for irrigation of nearby gardens.
(ii) Ensures constant water supply for livestock units close to it.
(iii) Reduces cost and labour of transporting water over long distances.
(1e)
(i) Silos
(ii) Barn
(iii) Warehouse
(1f)
(i) Deep litter poultry house
(ii) Battery cage house
(1g)
(i) Ensures efficient use of land and resources.
(ii) Reduces movement and labour cost by placing units where they are most convenient.
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(2a)
Experiment on soil textures(sieving)
(2b)
I Gravel
II. Sand
III. Silt
IV. Clay
(2c)
I. 3.0 – 2.0mm
II. 0.05 – 2.00mm
III. 0.002 – 0.05mm
IV. Less than 0.002mm
(2d)
(i)it will be sticky
(ii)it will be soft when we and hard when dry
(2e)
(i)ensure the soil particles are dry
(ii)get the required sieve
(2f)
(i) soil profile determination
(ii) sedimentation of soil particles
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(3a)
Fig. 1.2: Solanum lycopersicum
Fig. 1.3: Capsicum annum
Fig. 1.4 : Arachis hypogaea
Fig. 1.5: Abelmoschus esculentus
(3b)
(i) Proper watering of the nursery bed to maintain adequate moisture.
(ii) Mulching the nursery to conserve moisture and protect young seedlings.
(iii) Shading the nursery to prevent excessive sunlight and reduce heat stress.
(3c)
(i) Transplant in the evening or during a cool period to reduce transplant shock.
(ii) Uproot seedlings with a ball of soil to protect the roots from damage.
(iii) Water immediately after transplanting to help seedlings establish quickly.
(3d)
(i) Store in clean, dry sacks kept in a well-ventilated store.
(ii) Store shelled groundnuts in airtight containers or silos to prevent pest attack.
(3e)
They cut and feed on tender stems, causing wilting or death of young seedlings
(3f)
(i) Uproot and destroy infected plants and practice crop rotation with non-host crops.
(ii) Apply nematicides or incorporate organic matter to reduce nematode population.
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(4a)
Brooding management
(4b)
(i) A reliable heat source (brooder or lamp)
(ii) Clean, dry bedding/litter material
(iii) Feeders and waterers filled with appropriate feed and clean water
(4c)
(i) Gas brooder
(ii) Electric brooder (electric heater/infra-red lamp)
(4d)
(i) Vaccination
(ii) Feeding and watering
(iii) Temperature regulation/monitoring
(4e)
Cold; Chicks cluster near the heat source to get warmth and maintain their body temperature.
(4f)
(i)Newcastle disease vaccine
(ii)Marek’s disease vaccine
(4g)
(i)Dry litter management by keeping the litter dry and change it regularly to prevent and reduce disease risk
(ii)Thorough cleaning and disinfection
(iii)Ensuring a clean and constant supply of fresh water and quality feed
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